Intervenciones asistidas con animales en el lenguaje infantil y su aplicación fonoaudiológica
Animal-assisted interventions in children’s language and their speech therapy application
Contenido principal del artículo
Las intervenciones asistidas con animales son una estrategia terapéutica de tratamiento interdisciplinario que integra animales como mediadores de estimulación y rehabilitación del lenguaje infantil. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática consiste en analizar evidencia científica sobre su impacto en el lenguaje infantil y si es aplicada en la práctica fonoaudiológica. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos como: PubMed, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, Redalyc, Dialnet, Google Scholar, Wiley, Scielo y Scispace, seleccionando 50 documentos publicados entre 2015 y 2025, que fueron analizados en dos etapas: una filtración por títulos y resúmenes, seguida de la lectura profunda de cada documento, que permitieron extraer variables metodológicas, teóricas y cualitativas.
Los resultados muestran que esta intervención mejora la expresión verbal, comprensión, prosodia, articulación, pragmática del lenguaje, interacción social y atención conjunta. La mayoría de los estudios destacan beneficios para niños diagnosticados con trastorno del lenguaje mixto, del espectro autista, trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad y otras condiciones que afectan la comunicación.
En conclusión, esta intervención se está consolidando como herramienta complementaria eficaz a la práctica fonoaudiológica convencional, sin embargo, se identificó la necesidad de mayor participación de fonoaudiólogos en equipos interdisciplinarios y estandarización de protocolos terapéuticos, a fin de promover contextos comunicativos naturales y motivadores que potencien el desarrollo del lenguaje y comunicación infantil a través de intervenciones asistidas con animales.
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- Bogotá: Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana
Detalles del artículo
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