Alimentación exigente en niños; signos y síntomas, evaluación e intervención multiprofesional
Spanish Picky eating in children; signs and symptoms, assessment and multi-professional intervention Revisión narrativa de la literatura
Contenido principal del artículo
Los trastornos por evitación/restricción de la ingesta, han sido ampliamente descritos por la similitud en sus características y las consecuencias que estas traen sobre el desarrollo y crecimiento de los niños que lo experimentan. La alimentación exigente es un trastorno de tipo multifactorial, en donde los niños muestran comportamientos negativos frente a la comida o tienen preferencia por un grupo de alimentos. Esta revisión narrativa de la literatura tiene como objetivo presentar las últimas investigaciones relacionadas con la alimentación exigente, ofreciendo una guía sobre signos y síntomas, evaluación e intervención en los niños con alimentación exigente realizada por el equipo multiprofesional.
La revisión de literatura fue conducida en las bases de datos PubMed y Scopus, aplicando como principal criterio de inclusión artículos en inglés, español y portugués, sobre alimentación exigente en niños entre el nacimiento y los 5 años. Los resultados de esta revisión apuntan que la alimentación exigente estaría determinada por tres estadios importantes en la vida del niño; la gestación, la fase temprana de alimentación y las experiencias durante su segundo año de vida, por lo tanto, se requiere reconocer las señales de alerta (rechazo a comer determinados alimentos, falta de habilidades para alimentarse, duración excesiva durante los tiempo de alimentación etc.,), lo que permite realizar una evaluación temprana, que guie la intervención terapéutica, favoreciendo así una alimentación segura y eficaz para la nutrición y calidad de vida del niño.
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