Characterization And Types Of Articulation Errors In Individuals With Cleft Lip And Palate
Caracterización Y Tipos De Errores Articulatorios En Pacientes Con Labio Y Paladar Hendido Bogotá( Colombia) Bogota( Colombia)
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Introduction: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a frequent malformation worldwide, in Colombia affects 16 for every 10,000 live births, resulting mainly in speech disorder due to the presence of compensatory articulations (CAs).
Objective: To characterize the Colombian population residing in Bogotá regarding articulatory errors and phonemes affected by CLP.
Materials and methods: Descriptive observational study that includes 108 medical records of patients evaluated in 2016 taking data from speech and language assessment and categories of Universal Parameters for Reporting Speech Outcome in individuals with Cleft Palate.
Results: Glottal stop correlates with 40.06% of the errors, 21.47% and 15.38% of the errors involved dentoalveolar phonemes occlusive /t/ and fricative /s/, respectively. Female sex corresponds to 44,44%, nevertheless, it presents 5.77% more errors than males. The group of 7 to 36 years old presents a greater number of errors 65.06% (203) with LPH 77.24% have the highest number among the groups 241. The 75% of the population presents alterations of speech, 41.66% of them present fistula and hypernasality.
Conclusions: There are variations on the substitution of high-pressure phonemes for different types of compensatory articulation errors, however, the Glottal Stop is the prevalent type of CAs and dentoalveolar phonemes are the most affected, without distinction of gender, age, place of birth or residence. Older ages, female gender, and CLP are factors that may present a deeper severity of the disorder.
Keywords: cleft lip-palate; Cleft palate; Articulation Disorder; Speech; Speech-Language Pathology; Craniofacial Abnormalities; Compensatory articulations; Glottal Stop.
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